這個太平洋國家由延續至今的Māori文化、te Tiriti o Waitangi、殖民與移民共同塑造。
Aotearoa 紐西蘭 歷史與重要年表10
Ancestors of Māori arrived from East Polynesia in deliberate voyages and established permanent settlement in Aotearoa.Māori arrival and settlement ↗
te Tiriti o Waitangi was first signed at Waitangi. Copies then circulated around the country and more than 500 Māori signed by the end of 1840. The Māori and English texts contain important differences, so they should not be described as exact translations.About the Treaty ↗Treaty FAQs ↗
The major phases of the 紐西蘭 Wars were fought over authority, land and the expansion of colonial government. The 紐西蘭 Settlements Act 1863 enabled extensive raupatu (land confiscation).紐西蘭 Wars timeline ↗Land confiscation law passed ↗
紐西蘭 became the first self-governing country in the world where women had the right to vote in parliamentary elections.Women win the right to vote ↗
紐西蘭 adopted the Statute of Westminster in 1947. The Constitution Act 1986 later removed the final residual route for the UK Parliament to legislate for 紐西蘭.Statute of Westminster enacted ↗
Parliament established the Waitangi Tribunal, creating a legal process for investigating Māori claims about Crown breaches of Treaty principles.About the Waitangi Tribunal ↗
The Māori Language Act declared Māori an official language of 紐西蘭. The 1987 Act was replaced by Te Ture mō Te Reo Māori 2016.Māori Language Act 1987 ↗
A binding referendum chose mixed-member proportional representation (MMP), and the first MMP general election was held on 12 October 1996.First MMP election ↗
LGBTQ+ 法律、Pride 與社群史11
Māori histories, songs, narratives and early records contain evidence of same-sex intimacy and gender/sexual diversity. This history should be described through Māori sources and concepts rather than projected backward through modern Western identity labels.A history of pride in Aotearoa 紐西蘭 ↗Sexuality in Māori tradition ↗
Gay Liberation groups emerged in Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch after Ngāhuia Te Awekotuku was denied permission to visit the United States because she was homosexual.Birth of the gay movement ↗
SHE Wellington organised the first national lesbian conference.SHE ↗
The community-led AIDS Support Network became the 紐西蘭 AIDS Foundation, now Burnett Foundation Aotearoa, forming a major national HIV response.Our Story ↗
Māori lesbians and gay men increasingly reclaimed takatāpui/takatapuhi as a culturally grounded term; Wāhine Takatapui Māori o Aotearoa took that name in 1989.Lesbian ↗
HERO grew from a major Auckland dance party into an annual festival. Street parades ran from 1994 to 2001, and the Big Gay Out began in 2000.A history of pride in Aotearoa 紐西蘭 ↗
Takatāpui is a Māori term with historical roots, including references to an intimate companion of the same sex in Māori tradition. In contemporary Aotearoa, some Māori use takatāpui as a culturally grounded identity that can embrace diverse genders, sexualities and sex characteristics. It is not a mechanical Māori translation of “gay” or “LGBTQ+”, and not every Māori person with a diverse sexuality or gender uses it. Meanings and preferred usage can vary by person, whānau and community. Colonisation and conservative European attitudes affected the expression and recording of Māori sexualities, so historical interpretation should privilege Māori sources and context.
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